Classic Systems Emulated: Windows 3.1

 

The Transition Occurs

On April 6, 1992, Microsoft released Windows 3.1. On the surface, 3.1 looked like Windows 3.0. The new version of Windows still used the Program Manager shell. However, there were various changes incorporated that made 3.1 different from its predecessor. The first major change was that 3.1 ditched real mode. When Windows 3.0 was released, many companies were still releasing bare-bone XT-class systems. With the AT-class systems still very expensive going into the 90's, XT-based systems were still very common. As such, it made sense for Microsoft to support Windows on these PC's, despite it being very limited.

By 1992, AT-class computers were rapidly falling in price as a PC price war was about to start. The industry had moved beyond XT computers. With AT-class machines being much more accessible now, Windows's system requirements reflected this. At minimum, Windows 3.1 required a 286 PC with 1MB of RAM. The operations of Standard and 386 Enhanced Modes largely remained unchanged from 3.0. However, 3.1 incorporated various bug-fixes and stability changes that made the system more usable.

Despite the features that Windows 3.0 brought to the table (mentioned in previous articles), that release was beset with various stability issues. Windows 3.0 became notorious for system crashes. This was bad especially in light of the up-and-coming 32-bit OS/2 being pushed by there new arch-nemesis: IBM. A badly misbehaving DOS program running in a Windows session could crash the whole computer. When it came to stability, Windows 3.1 was a vast improvement over 3.0. Compatibility with Windows 1.x and 2.x applications were removed, and DOS compatibility was improved.

There were multiple versions of Windows 3.1x. The first release, Windows 3.1, was released on April 1992. Windows 3.11, released on November 1993, was mainly a bugfix. It was provided as a free upgrade to Windows 3.1 users. On October 1992, Microsoft released Windows for Workgroups 3.1, which is basically Windows 3.1 with networking support. Windows for Workgroups 3.11, which is what is pictured in the screenshots, was released in November 1993. WFW 3.11 had 32-bit disk access support and 32-bit network re-directors. This version dropped support for Standard Mode, thus requiring a 386 processor to run. WFW 3.11 was used as the basis for Chicago, which was the codename for Windows 95.

Multimedia And Changing Tech
Technology was changing at a rapid pace, which worked greatly in Windows favor. The main reasons why graphical environments didn't catch on in the 80's was due to performance and memory issues. The computers of the day were not up to the task of running these GUI's effectively. Could 8088/8086, 286, and many 386 run such environments? Sure they could. However, they were often slow, consumed plenty of memory, and crashed on a very regular basis. There was a lot to be desired.

Even on a platform that sported a GUI from the beginning, like the Macintosh System Software, various concessions were made to get it to run effectively on its target hardware. Many chunks were coded in 68000 machine language, and the system lacked multitasking and multi-threading capabilities. There was also no memory protection. On the DOS PC's, if given a choice to run a graphical environment which provided significant performance and memory overhead or run text-based programs, most would opt to run character-based applications as they were much more responsive than there graphical counterparts. Lotus 123 and WordPerfect for DOS would be here to stay for the remainder of the decade.

By the time Windows 3.1 was released, the 8088/8086 and 286 have largely been phased out, with most new PC's shipping with the top-of-the-line 386 processors made by Intel and AMD. The new PC's were much more capable of running these environments. The higher-end systems were incorporating the 486 processor into there workload. With the price of 486-based systems rapidly decreasing, these PC's were becoming much more appealing. The 486 processor was the first of Intel's offerings that was specifically geared to run GUI environments. The memory was much more affordable as well, along with the disk storage to support such environments.

Due to performance issues at the start of the decade, many were reluctant to make the jump to graphical computing. Thus, even in Windows 3.0 heyday, DOS was still king and dominated the software landscape. By the time Windows 3.1 was released, the PC's were much more capable, and thus, the transition from character applications was in full force. By the time that Windows 95 was released, the transition to the GUI was complete.

Multimedia became a buzzword around this time. The price of MPC's (Multimedia PC's) were becoming much more accessible. These computers typically shipped with a CD-ROM drive, Creative Labs SoundBlaster (or clone), and a SVGA adapter which greatly expanded the capabilities of VGA. In the hardware arms race, Windows was up to the task of supporting the new hardware. While Microsoft experimented with multimedia support with Windows 3.0 with Multimedia Extensions, this version of Windows was exclusively sold to OEM's (with Tandy being the most prominent). However, multimedia support would become standard in Windows 3.1. The DDK (Device Driver Kit) would be released for various parties and soon there would be a flood of drivers for various hardware devices.

Windows 3.1 shipped with Windows Media Player for the first time. It could play simple audio wave files, and video files once the VFW (Video For Windows) codec was installed. Soon many got in on the multimedia action. Apple released QuickTime on Windows as well. On the Macintosh, QuickTime was the multimedia system that provided playback for media files. Voyetra released AudioStation, which was in the mold of an audio deck. Others made these "deck" media players as well. When MPEG1 became a popular codec for TV-quality video, accelerator boards were made for slow 386 and 486 systems that weren't fast enough to play these files on there own. These MPEG video boards incorporated there own CPU specifically dedicated to process such video. PC users that had a 486DX2, DX4, or Pentium system didn't need such a board as there PC's were fast enough to play these files natively.

Other changes included in the new version on Windows was the inclusion of TrueType fonts. The use of TrueType fonts made Windows much more appealing for desktop publishing. For customers who were looking for a cost-effective solution much more affordable than the Macintosh, PC's running Windows 3.1 became something of a no-brainer.

The Applications
Microsoft shipped 3 million copies of Windows within the first six weeks of release. Windows 3.1 was also preinstalled on various OEM system. For third-party publishers, it would be a given to support the new platform. Both Visual C++ and BASIC was updated to support the new Windows. Microsoft released the SDK along with the appropriate MSDN documentation to guide developers in writing these applications. Like with the previous version, Microsoft made there tools easily accessible for interested developers.

The major software houses updated there applications for the newly updated Windows. This included programs like Aldus PageMaker, Corel Draw, Lotus 123 and Ami Pro, and WordPerfect. Finances were taken care of with products like Quicken QuickBooks and Microsoft Money. New programs started to make there mark as well. Adobe released Acrobat, demonstrating the capabilities of PDF on the new Windows.
The software shot heard around the world was when Adobe released PhotoShop for Windows on 1993. Up til this point, PhotoShop was a Macintosh exclusive, and it was now on Windows. The flying toasters brought to us by Berkeley Systems with the After Dark screensavers would become iconic during this time. Everybody likes those flying toasters!

The Microsoft productivity programs were updated as Office was becoming much more prevalent. The newly updated versions of Word, Excel, Access, and PowerPoint were released giving Microsoft a head-start in front of the competition. Lotus was slow to update 123, and thus, was loosing out to Microsoft. This was a similar story with WordPerfect for Windows. WordPefect was brought out by Novell which bundled it with the Quattro Pro spreadsheet and Paradox database program (that Novell acquired for Borland) to release there own office suite. Sun Microsystems had the StarOffice office suite as well. Lotus Ami-Pro managed to give Word a run for there money during this time. However, by the time Windows 95 was released, Lotus SmartSuite had largely lost out to Microsoft Office.

CD-ROMS
With the arrival of the CD-ROM, massive titles would become the norm. In the days before the proliferation of the WWW, for those who used PC's on a regular basis; CD-ROM titles would become the primary source of information. There would be a mass proliferation of educational titles as Microsoft Bookshelf and Encarta became a common fixture. Many also had Grolier and Compton's Encyclopedia to choose from as well. These CD-ROM titles were loaded with both audio and video clips. For those who never seen video playback on a PC til this point, this was the tech equivalent of a alien space-craft landing on the White House lawn. Sure the Macintosh had been doing this for a few years before. However, the resulting PC price war of the early 90's was bring 486 PC's with these capabilities to the masses for the first time.

While its easy to crap on Apple during this time, it was the development platform for a title that would take the CD-ROM world by storm. The jaw of PC users dropped to the floor when the 1993 equivalent of the Nvidia Tech Demo, Myst, played in all of its glory. " The CD-ROM justified itself to the masses. There would be a flood of titles on various subjects from history to music and beyond.

The CD-ROM drives with the Creative Labs SoundBlaster effectively became a stereo sound system. If one wanted to jam out to the Beatles, then there ears are in for a treat. These drives would unlock a world that would have been previously unknown for PC users.

The Fab Four On Windows!
Games
Windows gaming became more prominent during this time. Windows 3.1 came with Solitaire and Minesweeper. Reversi was ditched in this release. Most of the shareware titles downloaded from BBS's (Bulletin Board Services) were mostly card games. However, as PC's became more powerful, gaming under Windows became more diverse. To stimulate game development on Windows, Microsoft released WinG, or the Windows Gaming libraries. This was meant for game developers to code games that utilized the hardware through the WinG library. WinG was basically the precursor to DirectX. Games like Sim City 2000 and Civilization II for Windows made use of the WinG library. Gabe Newell, one of the lead Windows 3.0 developers who later rose to fame with Half-Life and Steam, made a unofficial port of Doom for Windows, WinDoom, using WinG along with Win32s (is there anything that this guy can't do!).

Win32s
Released alongside Windows NT 3.1 in July 1993, Win32s was a 32-bit "subset" for Windows 3.1 that allowed it to run 32-bit Windows programs. Win32s was basically a partial implementation of the Windows NT API on 3.1. However, Win32s had limitations compared to Windows NT. There was no memory management or protection for applications. Thus, a badly misbehaving 32-bit Windows program could crash the who computer. Also, Win32s did not provide multi-threading capabilities. This most, 32-bit Windows programs couldn't run under it. Only simple 32-bit Windows programs could run on Win32s. However, many programs did make use of it though. The PrintShop, a photo-editing program, made use of it along with WinDoom, Microsoft's 3D Pinball, Sierra's Ultra Pinball, and the Mosaic web-browser.

The Internet
While PC users were in the "Myst" of CDROM-mania (pun intended), a revolution was taking hold. This revolution would be delivered via dial-up modem as the web-wide-web rose above the horizon for the first time. People only read about this mysterious world in Byte Magazine. Its magic was only available for the mysterious sorcerers that used the Next Turbo hardware running NextStep. This mysterious world wouldn't be restricted to Next hardware for long.

After Tim-Barner Lee published the specs and documentation of the WWW, two programmers working at NCSA (National Center for Supercomputing Applications) at the University of Illinois at Urbana -Champaign, Marc Andreessen (who would later create Netscape) and Eric Bina; started to code a web-browser. There new browser, Mosaic, found a bigger audience as the WWW wasn't restricted to Next hardware. However, not many people had DECStations running Ultrix either. UNIX, while more accessible; was still a mysterious realm for that typical PC user. The task to create a port of Mosaic for Windows began. Released in November 1993, this browser would become the killer app for the early WWW. Within a few years, the WWW would have a fundamental impact on our lives in general. Marc Andeessen, recognizing the commercial impact of web technology, left the University of Illinois and formed Netscape and released Navigator a year later. The Netscape Navigator would take the world by storm in the early days of the Internet. Microsoft would licensee the source code for the Moasic web-browser and base Internet Explorer 1.0 around it. It was released with the Microsoft 95 Plus Pack in early 1996. Largely seen as "Mosaic+", Microsoft's early browser offerings were largely panned.

PCEM
I've created a PCEM configuration for Windows 3.1. WFW 3.1 runs very well under it. PCEM is configured with a Intel 486 DX2 processor running at 66MHz, 16MB's of RAM, and a 1.8GB hard-disk drive. The largest partition that MS-DOS 6.22 can support is 2GB's. It has to be reminded, for those who may not know, that Windows 3.1 was still a graphical environment for DOS, and not a OS in its own right. Everything that Windows did that pertained to the file-system was still handled by MS-DOS. Windows 3.1 is configured with the S3 864 SVGA Adapter and the Creative Labs SoundBlaster audio adapter.

Windows 3.1 ran very well. In fact the configuration ran at full speed on my host PC. My host PC has a AMD-FX 4300 CPU running at 3.8GHz. That should be fast enough to emulate a classic setup from the early 90's. I've haven't ran across any compatible issue. In fact, I've created a second configuration exactly like the first one, but exclusively for CD-ROM titles. I've haven't encountered any software or hardware issues. Video playback worked, along with audio. Windows is configured to run at the 800 by 600, 256 color screen resolution. I find it pointless to run 3.1 in 16-bit or 32-bit color depths as the only applications that made use of those color depths were photo-editing programs like PrintShop and Adobe PhotoShop. The vast majority of Windows applications conform to either basic VGA or the 256 color SVGA color palettes. WinG doesn't conform to the higher color depths either. Games that utilize WinG, like SimCity 2000 and Civilization II, ran faster in 256 colors anyway since running at the higher screen depths means resampling the game textures, which uses extra processing power. No conversion is necessary when running in the  native 256 color palette. 

I've haven't had any compatibility or performance issues with the game mentioned. They ran the way that they were expected. I've haven't had any compatibility issues with any Windows applications either. Occasionally, I would get a blue screen or program crash. However, that happens when Windows in running on actual hardware as well, so this is still ordinary. This is still Windows after all!

Windows 3.1 was a game-changer for Microsoft. The transition from DOS to Windows began with this version. While Windows 3.1 would go on to achieve great success, it wouldn't be free from controversy as Microsoft resorted to very questionable and anti-consumer practices. The company abused its market position to help get themselves to the number one spot. These lapses in ethics would get Microsoft in very hot water with the DOJ as Microsoft engaged in practices that weren't in the best interest of the consumer. Microsoft's abusive practices will be covered in a future article.

One could argue that if Windows would have gotten to that position anyway without resorting to underhanded tactics, then what's the problem? One could also answer back: the means to the end is just as important as the end in itself. How one conducts themselves on a journey is just as important as getting to the destination. With Karma, what comes around goes around.

Articles Of Interest
PCEM - https://pcem-emulator.co.uk/

Windows 3.0
Wikipedia : Windows 3.0 - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.0
Wikipedia: Microsoft Windows version history: Windows 3.0 - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows_version_history#Windows_3.0
Gunkies.org : Windows 3.0 - http://gunkies.org/wiki/Windows_3.0
Fandom : Windows 3.0 - https://microsoft.fandom.com/wiki/Windows_3.0
Toastytech : Microsoft Windows 3.0 - http://toastytech.com/guis/win30.html
KBJU.EDU : ARCHIVED: In Windows 3.x, why can't my protected-mode DOS application run - https://kb.iu.edu/d/abqh

Windows 3.1
Wikipedia : Windows 3.1x - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.1x
Wikipedia : Win32s - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Win32s
Wikipedia : WinG - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WinG
Wikipedia : Mosaic (web browser) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosaic_(web_browser)
Wikipedia : WordPerfect for Windows - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WordPerfect#WordPerfect_for_Windows
Wikipedia : IBM Lotus Word Pro - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_Lotus_Word_Pro
The Washington Post :  MICROSOFT'S WINDOWS 3.1 A HOT SELLER - https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/business/1992/05/21/microsofts-windows-31-a-hot-seller/ab07e447-60e6-44f0-b269-7093ad6110c5/
Doom Fandom : WinDoom (Microsoft) - https://doom.fandom.com/wiki/WinDoom_(Microsoft)
Toastytech : Microsoft Windows 3.1 - http://toastytech.com/guis/win31.html
Toastytech : Microsoft Windows for Workgroups Version 3.11- http://toastytech.com/guis/win311.html

Intel
Wikipedia : Intel 286 - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_80286
Wikipedia : Intel 386 - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_802386
Wikipedia : Intel 486 - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_80486
Wikipedia : P5 (microarchitecture) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P5_(microarchitecture)

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

WeatherStar 4000 Simulator For Windows (Part 1)

Image
  It's time to get the weather forecast, 90's style. A couple of months ago, I reviewed the WeatherStar 4000+ simulator for web-browsers. This simulator, created by Mike Battaglia, is a open-source, on-line simulator of the WeatherStar 4000 hardware used by The Weather Channel during the 1990's. This simulator ran without issue on both Firefox and Chrome on Windows 7 (Home PC) and Firefox on Windows 10 (Dell Optiplex).  It also runs great under Chrome on my Android devices as well. I use the online simulator when I'm on the road.  Now, I'm going to look into the WeatherStar 4000 simulator for Windows offered by Taiganet. This simulator offers a lot of features and can be customized in various ways. When I'm home, I use this program most of the time. Now, there is one notable hardware requirement. First, to run the Windows (and Mac OSX/Linux ports as well) simulator, you will need a computer that supports OpenGL 3.3. My home computer ha...
Read more

Classic Systems Emulated: Windows 95 (Part 1)

Image
  Start Me Up! Windows 95 (Chicago Beta Build 189 released September 1994) running under PCEM What would eventually become Windows 95 was affected by several turn of events that occurred during its development. Windows 95, code-named Chicago, had been several years in the making. Microsoft had already been planning the next version of Windows right after they got 3.1 out the door on March 1992. What would determine the course of the new OS? DOS Compatibility for one as it was still deemed essential at that point. One has to remember that even though Windows 3.0 had been the most successful version of Windows to date, the GUI in general was still a novelty at that point. Most used Windows 3.0 for simple task like typing list, letters, or playing solitaire. Most PC users who needed to work on major projects were still running DOS applications like WordPerfect or Lotus 123. However, the transition to GUI's would begin in earnest.  The 486 processor ...
Read more

Classic Systems Emulated: Windows 3.1 OEMS

Image
  The OEM's Want In On The Action The PC Market of the early 90's was a very competitive one. As such, having a easy-to-use environment was a must for these companies pushing there hardware. Hardware has caught up to software, and as such, it was now time to push the command prompt out of the way for the GUI. Several of these companies spotted opportunities to make  deals with Microsoft to pre-install Windows on there computers. This phenomenon didn't start with 3.1 though. Even in the late 80's, both Compaq and IBM often preinstalled Windows 386 for corporate customers that brought there 386 systems. Windows 3.0 was bundled with a lot of systems too. It was preinstalled on the IBM PS/1 budget PC's and various Tandy models. It came with the Amstrad MegaPC and various other PC's offered by ZDS (Zenith Data Systems) as well.  The number of OEM partners grew with the Windows 3.1 release. Some of them were familiar faces, like Compa...
Read more

Old Hardware Emulated :Psion Model 3a Emulated On DOSBox Windows

Image
  Psion 3a and 3c Psion Series 3c Handheld Computer (Wikipedia) Psion 3a As mentioned in the previous articles, the emulators for the Psion 3 exist only on DOSBox. I decided to take the challenge of setting up a emulated configuration. What must one do. There is already a very good guide on the internet titled "PocketBook II emulation..." which is linked below in the article. Highly recommended. Setting up a emulated Psion 3 takes a little bit of effort, but it's possible and is a good exploration of setting up a DOSBox configuration. I'm making the safe assumption that the fast majority of those reading this are using Windows systems, but DOSBox has been ported to Mac OS X and Linux as well, so this guide might work on those systems.  The first thing I did was created a folder called dosbox_psion3 (Folder naming is based on personal preference). Make the following new folders within dosbox_psion3; psion3, a, b, and m. With the f...
Read more

Classic Systems Emulated: OS/2 Version 2.0 On PCEM

Image
  The Arrival Of 32-Bit Power For The Masses The past couple of these PC articles have been very Windows-centric. This isn't a surprise as Windows 3.0 was a major release that made a very massive impact on the marketplace. Windows 3.1 sold 3 million copies in 6 weeks. 1992 was a very different time. Back then, it was possible to request a PC without an operating system. If one did want an OS, they could choose between OS/2, DOS, or the DOS+Windows combination. I've had not forgotten OS/2 in these articles. The 286 versions of OS/2 had already been covered in my articles about the IBM PS/2 family of computers. The messy IBM-Microsoft "divorce" had been covered in detail as well. To quickly recap: Microsoft didn't like the direction that IBM wanted to take OS/2. Microsoft envisioned OS/2 as being the "next-generation" OS, while IBM simply saw the OS as a tool to sell more hardware. OS/2 did terrible in the marketplace. The ...
Read more

Old Hardware Emulated - Windows Mobile 5.0

Image
Working title for this post was "But Mama, That's Where The Fun Is!". Appropriate as by the middle 2000's, Windows Mobile was where all the action was at. The sky was only getting brighter for Microsoft as Palm was slowly imploding on itself. With Microsoft's mobile offerings becoming more widespread by the day, the Redmond Giant followed up with the newest version of WM, version 5.0, on May 2005. On the surface, it appears that little changed. However, the biggest change were "under the hood" with the incorporation of the .NET Compact Framework, which is basically the mobile version of .NET. Also, WM 5.0 introduced newer power-saving capabilities which often improved the battery life of devices by as much as 50%. WM backed up everything to flash memory. WinMobile would use a combination of RAM and flash memory to preserve battery life. This wasn't noticeable by the user.  As such, their is no data loss if power is lost.  Windows Media Player was upd...
Read more

Old Hardware Emulated : Pocket PC 2000/2002

Image
  Windows CE On The PDA Pocket PC 2002 starting up. For the remainder of the 90's, Microsoft had a tough time gaining a foothold in the handheld market. Windows CE 2.0 was well received on the palmtop PC's. However, that market-share was small compared to there PDA counterpart that were rocking to the tune of PalmOS. The first incarnation of WinCE on the PDA seemed sparse compared to Palm. At this point, the PDA port of Windows CE was re-branded as Windows Mobile. Around this point, Microsoft's fortunes began to change. For the first time, the Palm platform had that "Oh Crap!" moment when Compaq released the iPAQ in April 2000. The PDA came with the new Windows Pocket PC 2000 operating system. This version of Windows CE was specifically geared towards PDA's in particular. The iPAQ line of PDA's became must own devices for those that wanted the latest and greatest. As how Compaq made IBM look silly in the 80's and 90's...
Read more

Old Hardware Emulated :Einstein emulating the Apple Newton (Part 3)

Image
  NewtonOS Android in Action! Einstein emulating the Newton Messagepad on a Amazon Fire HD7 tablet. Einstein Seriously, did you not expect me to run a OS designed for a classic handheld device on a modern tablet!? It's interesting running Einstein on a PC, but I want to try this platform out on a handheld that was similar in form-factor to the original device. Einstein had been ported to Android as well. It's not as recent as the current builds available for iOS, MacOS, and Ubuntu Linux, but it works well enough. Running the emulator means doing a few things before hand, like loading the Android package, ROM, and other needed files. The apk file that I downloaded was "einstein.05.01.2013.apk", which can be found at a archived version of the code.Google.com page (link posted below). You will also need a ROM file named "717006" that needs to be placed in the "/sdcard/Downloads/Einstein/" directory of your Androi...
Read more

Classic Games Emulated: Revisiting NFS High Stakes Modding

Image
  Modding On The Mind! As anyone who's read my NFS:HS article or watching my uploads on YouTube, one can tell that they're two things that I'm a fan of: NFS:HS and Virtualization. I like contained environments that allow me to run beloved games from the past on far more powerful configurations. It only seemed natural for me to embark on the journey of getting NFS:HS running under VMware Player. I had a original copy of the game on CD-ROM which was installed on my guest setup. The guest configuration had two cores allocated to it, 2GB's of RAM, and 3D acceleration via my Nvidia GTX 950. The guest OS running was Windows 7 32-bit. After installing HS, I copied the patch, and started to burn rubber. After that, I duplicated the game folder so I could have two installations: one stock and another one for mod. Within the NFS:HS folder, their are various directories. The "DATA/CARS" folder has both the racing and traffic cars. The first t...
Read more

OS/2 Warp 4

Image
(Any blogpost where I don't have to cover politics is a win in my books!) OS/2 Warp 4 was a very noble endeavor. It was IBM's statement to the world to demonstrate there commitment to the OS/2 operating system. However, when it arrived in 1996, OS/2 Warp 4 was dead on arrival. A lot had happened between the launch of Warp 3 and Warp 4, with the biggest of them being the arrival of Windows 95. Microsoft, making the most of their OEM connections, started to lock OS/2 out of the OEM markets prior to the launch of Windows 95. With threats of either not receiving the latest Windows or paying much higher license fees, many OEM's relented to Microsoft's pressure. Warp 3 struggled against Windows 3.1 along with the soon-to-be-tidal wave that would be Windows 95. Not only that, Microsoft had a vendetta against Big Blue for previous acts.  Lotus 123 For OS/2 Warp 4 Faced with accusations that Microsoft incorporated OS/2 source code into Windows 3.x which would have violated the j...
Read more